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电池条例

英文名:REGULATION (EU) 2023/1542 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL。电池护照(2027-02)、碳足迹声明分级生效;尽调义务经 2025/1561 推迟至 2027-08-18,适用于电池投放欧盟市场。首次发布于2023 年。

欧洲电池法合规 实施指南、报告义务清单、风险管理与常见问题
官方编号
2023/1542
关键时间
2027-02-18
适用对象
电池投放欧盟市场

01

法规的适用条件

本法规适用于下列主体:

  • 将电池投放欧盟市场或投入使用的经济运营者:覆盖全部类别(便携式、SLI、LMT、EV、工业),不论形状、体积、重量、设计、材料、化学组成、用途
  • 供最终使用的电池单体与电池模块
  • 承担生产者延伸责任(EPR)、收集与处理、报告义务的生产者与运营者
  • (不适用)为成员国基本安全利益、武器/弹药/战争物资设计的设备中的电池;太空设备用电池;第III、VIII章不适用于核设施安全设备用电池

经 Regulation (EU) 2025/1561(2025-07-18)修订,电池尽职调查义务(第48(1)条)适用日推迟至 2027-08-18;电池护照仍自 2027-02-18 起适用。

下列原文条款界定了适用范围:

Article 1 — Subject matter and scope

1. This Regulation lays down requirements on sustainability, safety, labelling, marking and information to allow the placing on the market or putting into service of batteries within the Union. It also lays down minimum requirements for extended producer responsibility, the collection and treatment of waste batteries and for reporting. 2. This Regulation imposes battery due diligence obligations on economic operators placing batteries on the market or putting them into service. It also lays down requirements for green public procurement when procuring batteries or products into which batteries are incorporated. 3. This Regulation applies to all categories of batteries, namely portable batteries, starting, lighting and ignition batteries (SLI batteries), light means of transport batteries (LMT batteries), electric vehicle batteries and industrial batteries, regardless of their shape, volume, weight, design, material composition, chemistry, use or purpose. It shall also apply to batteries that are incorporated into or added to products or that are specifically designed to be incorporated into or added to products. For the purposes of Chapter II, where batteries placed on the market can be considered to fall under more than one category, they shall be deemed to fall under the category to which the strictest requirements apply. 4. In cases where battery cells or battery modules are made available on the market for end use, without any further incorporation or assembly into larger battery packs or batteries, they shall be considered to have been placed on the market as batteries for the purposes of this Regulation, and the requirements for the most similar battery category shall apply. In cases where it can be considered that such battery cells or battery modules fall under more than one battery category, they shall be deemed to fall under the category to which the strictest requirements apply. 5. This Regulation does not apply to batteries that are incorporated into or that are specifically designed to be incorporated into: (a) equipment connected with the protection of Member States’ essential security interests, arms, munitions and war material, with the exclusion of products that are not intended for specifically military purposes; and (b) equipment designed to be sent into space. 6. Chapters III and VIII of this Regulation do not apply to equipment specifically designed for the safety of nuclear installations, as defined in Article 3 of Council Directive 2009/71/Euratom (42).

1. 本条例规定关于可持续性、安全性、标签、标记和信息的要求,以便电池在欧盟境内投放市场或投入使用。本条例还规定关于生产者延伸责任、废弃电池收集和处理以及报告的最低要求。 2. 本条例对将电池投放市场或投入使用的经济运营者施加电池尽职调查义务。本条例还规定在采购电池或已纳入电池的产品时的绿色公共采购要求。 3. 本条例适用于所有类别的电池,即便携式电池、起动照明点火电池(SLI电池)、轻型运输工具电池(LMT电池)、电动汽车电池和工业电池,无论其形状、体积、重量、设计、材料成分、化学性质、用途或目的如何。本条例还适用于已纳入或添加至产品、或专门设计用于纳入或添加至产品的电池。 就第二章而言,当投放市场的电池可被认为属于一个以上类别时,应视为属于适用最严格要求的类别。 4. 当电池单体或电池模块在市场上提供供最终使用,而不进一步纳入或组装成更大的电池组或电池时,就本条例而言,它们应被视为作为电池投放市场,并适用最相似电池类别的要求。当可认为此类电池单体或电池模块属于一个以上电池类别时,应视为属于适用最严格要求的类别。 5. 本条例不适用于已纳入或专门设计用于纳入以下设备的电池: (a) 与保护成员国根本安全利益相关的设备、武器、弹药和战争物资,但不包括并非专门用于军事目的的产品;以及 (b) 为送入太空而设计的设备。 6. 本条例第三章和第八章不适用于专为核设施安全而设计的设备(按理事会 Directive 2009/71/Euratom 第3条定义)。

02

法规主要要求

碳碳相关:价格、核算、申报、目标 环境环境相关:污染、废弃物、生态、产品环境属性
义务 触发条件 所需证据 关键时间
碳 碳足迹声明 按授权法案方法核算并声明碳足迹,须经核查、绿证冲抵受限。 在欧盟投放电池(按类别与时间表) 碳足迹声明、核查报告 EV 2025-02-18 / 工业>2kWh 2026-02-18 / LMT 2028-08-18
碳 电池护照与 QR 标识 以唯一标识与 QR 提供成分、碳足迹、再生成分等数据。 投放欧盟的电池 电池护照数据、QR 标识 2027-02-18
碳环境 回收材料含量披露 披露钴、铅、锂、镍等再生比例并逐阶段提高。 投放欧盟的电池 再生含量文件、核查报告 2031-08-18 起(第二阶段 2036-08-18)
环境 供应链尽职调查 按 OECD 指南对钴、天然石墨、锂、镍作尽调。 年营业额超 4,000 万欧元的电池生产者 尽职调查政策与报告 2027-08-18(经 2025/1561 推迟)
03

关键条款 · 中英对照

碳环境 Article 5(1) — Requirements for placing on the market

Batteries shall only be placed on the market or put into service if they meet the following requirements: (a) the sustainability and safety requirements laid down in Articles 6 to 10 and 12; and (b) the labelling and information requirements laid down in Chapter III.

电池仅在其满足下列要求时方可投放市场或投入使用:(a) 第 6 至 10 条及第 12 条规定的可持续性与安全要求;(b) 第三章规定的标识与信息要求。

碳环境 Article 7(1) — Carbon footprint declaration

For electric vehicle batteries, rechargeable industrial batteries with a capacity greater than 2 kWh and LMT batteries a carbon footprint declaration shall be drawn up for each battery model per manufacturing plant ... the carbon footprint of the battery, calculated as kg of carbon dioxide equivalent per one kWh of the total energy provided by the battery over its expected service life.

对电动汽车电池、容量大于 2 kWh 的可充电工业电池及 LMT 电池,应按每一制造厂的每一电池型号编制碳足迹声明……电池碳足迹以每千瓦时计,即电池在其预期使用寿命内所提供的每 1 kWh 总能量对应的二氧化碳当量千克数。

环境 Article 8(2) — Recycled content (from 18 August 2031)

From 18 August 2031 ... the technical documentation referred to in Annex VIII shall demonstrate that those batteries contain, in active materials, the following minimum percentage share of, respectively, cobalt, lithium or nickel that has been recovered from battery manufacturing waste or post-consumer waste, and the minimum percentage share of lead that is present in the battery and that has been recovered from waste: (a) 16 % cobalt; (b) 85 % lead; (c) 6 % lithium; (d) 6 % nickel.

自 2031 年 8 月 18 日起……附件八所述技术文件应证明这些电池的活性材料中,来自电池制造废料或消费后废料的钴、锂、镍,以及电池中来自废料的铅,达到下列最低回收比例:(a) 钴 16%;(b) 铅 85%;(c) 锂 6%;(d) 镍 6%。

环境 Article 8(3) — Recycled content (from 18 August 2036)

From 18 August 2036 ... the technical documentation ... shall demonstrate that those batteries contain, in the active materials, the following minimum percentage share ...: (a) 26 % cobalt; (b) 85 % lead; (c) 12 % lithium; (d) 15 % nickel.

自 2036 年 8 月 18 日起……技术文件应证明这些电池的活性材料达到下列最低回收比例:(a) 钴 26%;(b) 铅 85%;(c) 锂 12%;(d) 镍 15%。

环境 Article 13(6) — QR code

From 18 February 2027, all batteries shall be marked with a QR code as described in Part C of Annex VI.

自 2027 年 2 月 18 日起,所有电池均应标注附件六 C 部分所述的二维码。

环境 Article 17(2) — Conformity assessment procedures

Conformity assessment of batteries with requirements laid down in Articles 7 and 8 shall be carried out in accordance with one of the following procedures: (a) 'Module D1 – Quality assurance of the production process' ... for batteries manufactured in series; or (b) 'Module G – Conformity based on unit verification' ... for batteries not manufactured in series.

对电池是否符合第 7 条和第 8 条要求进行的合格评定,应采用下列程序之一:(a) “D1 模式——生产过程质量保证”……适用于批量制造的电池;或 (b) “G 模式——基于单件验证的合格评定”……适用于非批量制造的电池。

碳 Article 47 — Scope of the due diligence chapter

This Chapter does not apply to economic operators that had a net turnover of less than EUR 40 million in the financial year preceding the last financial year, and that are not part of a group ... which, on a consolidated basis, exceeds the limit of EUR 40 million.

本章不适用于在前一财政年度之前的那个财政年度净营业额低于 4000 万欧元、且不属于合并基础上超过 4000 万欧元限额的母子公司集团的经济经营者。

环境 Article 48(1) — Battery due diligence policies

From 18 August 2025, economic operators that place batteries on the market or put them into service shall fulfil the due diligence obligations laid down in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Article, and in Articles 49, 50 and 52 and shall, to that end, set up and implement battery due diligence policies.

自 2025 年 8 月 18 日起,将电池投放市场或投入使用的经济经营者应履行本条第 2、3 款及第 49、50、52 条规定的尽职调查义务,并为此制定和实施电池尽职调查政策。

环境 Article 77(1) — Battery passport

From 18 February 2027 each LMT battery, each industrial battery with a capacity greater than 2 kWh and each electric vehicle battery placed on the market or put into service shall have an electronic record ('battery passport').

自 2027 年 2 月 18 日起,投放市场或投入使用的每一 LMT 电池、每一容量大于 2 kWh 的工业电池及每一电动汽车电池,均应具有电子记录(“电池护照”)。

04

涉及本法规的行业档案

05

同主题或同阶段的其他法规

06

原文法规链接

依据:EUR-Lex 官方文本与欧盟委员会官方文件;引用前请核对官方版本。基准日 2026-10-09。本页为合规导读,细节以官方原文与主管机关解释为准;标注〔审议中〕〔草案〕的条目请以最新立法进展为准。