CISAF 国家援助框架

环境 Section 3 — general compatibility principles and competitive bidding

State aid under Article 107(3)(c) TFEU must pursue a well-defined objective of common interest, be necessary and proportionate, and must not unduly distort competition or trade. Where aid is granted through a competitive bidding process, the selection criteria must be defined ex ante, at least 70% of the weighting must be based on environmental benefit per unit, the budget must act as a binding constraint, and ex post adjustments of the ranking must be excluded. — Reference: OJ C/2025/3602, section 3.

TFEU 第 107(3)(c) 条项下的国家援助须追求界定明确的共同利益目标，具备必要性与比例性，且不得不当扭曲竞争或贸易。通过竞争性招标程序给予援助时，遴选标准须事先界定，至少 70% 的权重须基于单位环境效益，预算须构成约束性上限，并禁止对排序作事后调整——依据 OJ C/2025/3602 第 3 节。

碳 Section 5 — aid for industrial decarbonisation: conditions and milestones

Aid for the decarbonisation of industrial activities may take the form of direct grants, repayable advances, loans, guarantees or tax advantages, and must be based on a scheme with a budget. The aided installation or equipment must be put into operation within 60 months of the grant, and after full operation must achieve at least 80% of the expected emission reductions or energy savings; an effective penalty regime must be in place. — Reference: OJ C/2025/3602, section 5, paragraphs 133 and 136.

工业活动脱碳援助可采取直接赠款、可偿还预付款、贷款、担保或税收优惠等形式，并须基于有预算的援助计划。受援设施或设备须自授予日起 60 个月内投运，且在全面投运后须实现至少 80% 的预计减排量或节能量；并须设有有效的处罚制度——依据 OJ C/2025/3602 第 5 节第 133、136 点。

碳 Section 5 — safeguards against capacity increases and mere displacement

Aid must not finance an increase in total production capacity (with a limited exception of less than 15% where technically necessary). Where an existing installation is concerned, the safe harbour requires a reduction of at least 40% of emissions, or of at least 90% at the technology-unit level without locking in fossil fuels; a newly built installation replacing an existing one must be at least 10% below the most efficient installations. Aid must not merely shift emissions, and indirect emissions may not fully offset direct reductions. — Reference: OJ C/2025/3602, section 5, paragraphs 138 and 140-143.

援助不得资助增加总产能（技术必要且低于 15% 的有限例外除外）。涉及既有设施时，安全港要求减排至少 40%，或在技术单元层面减排至少 90% 且不锁定化石燃料；新建替代既有设施的，须较最高效设施至少低 10%。援助不得仅转移排放，且间接排放不得完全抵消直接减排——依据 OJ C/2025/3602 第 5 节第 138、140–143 点。