水和海洋资源相关政策

*(new)

• Water stress encompasses quantity or availability (related to water scarcity) together with water quality and accessibility considerations and provides a broader measure of basin pressure. Water stress is one component of physical water-related risks, together with other non-water-stress-related factors, such as flooding and droughts. A comprehensive understanding of water-related risks considers all components of physical water-related risks (e.g., water stress, flooding, droughts) as well as regulatory and reputational water-related risks.

*(Defined Terms ‘Areas of high-water stress’ amended)

• Global indicators (with associated datasets) and related thresholds to assess if an area is with water stress include:
• a) baseline water stress – equal to or greater than ‘High’: 40–80% (WRI);
• b) water depletion – greater than ‘High’: 25–75% (Seasonal) (Brauman et al.);
• c) baseline water depletion – equal to or greater than ‘High’: 50–75% (WRI); and
• d) WEI+ (Water Exploitation Index plus) – equal to or greater than 40% (EEA). While these global indicators account for water stress in terms of the quantity of water resource available (related to water scarcity), a comprehensive assessment of water stress encompasses all its dimensions (quantity, quality and accessibility). The assessment whether an area is exposed to water stress is typically done at the basin level as a minimum. Tailored methodologies may be used to assess whether an area is exposed to water stress and may leverage local knowledge.